ãã£ãã·ã¥ã¬ã¹ååŒã®å©ç¹ - ããžã¿ã«æ¯ææ¹æ³ãéžæããã®ãè¯ãã¢ã€ãã¢ã§ããçç±
èšäºäžã§
- ãã£ãã·ã¥ã¬ã¹ååŒãšã¯
- ãã£ãã·ã¥ã¬ã¹æ¯æãæ¹æ³ã®çš®é¡
- ãã£ãã·ã¥ã¬ã¹ååŒã®å©ç¹ã¯äœã§ããïŒ
- ãããã質å
äžçã10幎è¿ãåã«ãã£ãã·ã¥ã¬ã¹æ¯æãã«ç§»è¡ããäžæ¹ã§ãã€ã³ãã£ã¢ã³ã¯ãããå®çŸããããã®æè¡ãæã£ãŠããŠããã£ãã·ã¥ã¬ã¹ã«ãªãããšãæ§ããŠããŸãã ããã¯äž»ã«ã誀ã£ã移è¡ã«ãã£ãŠéã倱ãããæããããããã§ãã ã»ãšãã©ã®ã€ã³ã人ãæ©ãŸããŠãããã1ã€ã®æžå¿µã¯ã誰ããèªåã®ããã€ã¹ã«äŸµå ¥ããŠèªåã®ãéããã¹ãŠçãã®ãéåžžã«ç°¡åã ãšããããšã§ãã ããã§ã¯ãããŸãããããã¯ãã£ãã·ã¥ã¬ã¹ã«è¡ãã®ã«è¯ãææã§ãããããŠãæã ã¯ãªãããªãã«èšãã§ãããïŒ
ãã£ãã·ã¥ã¬ã¹ååŒãšã¯
ãã£ãã·ã¥ã¬ã¹ååŒã¯ã2人ã®äººç©ãäŒæ¥ãçµç¹ã®éã§è¡ãããèªåãŸãã¯ãªã³ã©ã€ã³ã®æäœã§ãã ããžã¿ã«ååŒã¯ãã£ãã·ã¥ã¬ã¹ååŒã§ãããå ·äœçã«ã¯ååŒå®äºã®ããã®æžé¡ãå¿ èŠãšããŸããã Eã³ããŒã¹Webãµã€ãããã®ååã®è³Œå ¥ããªã³ã©ã€ã³ã§ã®ããžãã¹å¥çŽãžã®çœ²åãããã«ã¯ã¹ããŒããã©ã³ã®ã¢ããªãä»ããæ ç»ã®ãã±ããã®è³Œå ¥ã§ããããããžã¿ã«ååŒã®ç¯çã«å ¥ããŸãã ãã®ãããªæäœã¯æ£ç¢ºã§ãæ©ãã䟿å©ã§ããããŠç¢ºãã«ç°¡åã§ãã å€ãã®äººãããã£ãã·ã¥ã¬ã¹ååŒã«ã¡ãªãããããããšãåãå ¥ããããªãããšããã®ã¯åã«ããžã¿ã«æ©åšã®åšããè¡ãæ¥ã§ããªãããããã¯åã«çŸéã䜿ã£ãŠååŒããã»ãã幞ãã ããã§ãã æ¥ã ã®ååŒãç°¡çŽ åããäžé£ã®ãã£ãã·ã¥ã¬ã¹ååŒã«ã€ããŠèªãã§ãã ããã
ãã£ãã·ã¥ã¬ã¹æ¯æãæ¹æ³ã®çš®é¡
ãã£ãã·ã¥ã¬ã¹ã«ãªãæ¹æ³ã¯ãããããããŸãã ããã¯ããªããçŸéã®ãªãäžçã«ããªãã®æ¹æ³ãæ瞊ããã®ãå©ããããã®æè¯ã®æ¹æ³ã®ããã€ãã§ãïŒ
1.äžæžãã®ç¢ºèªãšèŠæ±
å°åæã¯æãå®å šã§æãå€ããã£ãã·ã¥ã¬ã¹æ¯æãæ¹æ³ã®1ã€ã§ãã ç¹å®ã®éé¡ã®å°åæãå人ãŸãã¯äŒæ¥ã«çºè¡ãããŸãã ãã®å°åæã¯åå人ã®éè¡ã«é ãããããã®ãéã¯ã¯ãªã¢ãªã³ã°ããŠã¹ã§åŠçãããæ¯æããéããŠåãåãããŸãã å°åæãšã¯ç°ãªããããã³ããã©ããã¯ããã©ã«ãã«ããããäžåèªãäžãããããããšãã§ããªããããå°åæããããã©ããã¯å®å šã§ãã DDã¯ãååŒãæåãããããã«ååãªè³éãå©çšå¯èœã§ããããšãä¿èšŒããããã«éè¡å®¶ã«ãã£ãŠçœ²åãããŠããŸãã å°åæããã³ïŒ€ïŒ€ã®äžå©ãªç¹ã¯ã人ãéè¡ã蚪ããŠããå°åæãŸãã¯ïŒ€ïŒ€ãæ¶ããã®ãåŸ ããªããã°ãªããªãã®ã§æéããããããšã§ããã
2.ããããã«ãŒããšã¯ã¬ãžããã«ãŒã
ãã£ãã·ã¥ã¬ã¹ååŒã®æ¹æ³ãšããŠãããããã«ãŒããšã¯ã¬ãžããã«ãŒãã䜿ãããŠããŸãã ããªãã¯ããªãã®ã¢ã«ãŠã³ãã®ãéã§ååŒããŠããã®ã§ãããããã«ãŒãã¯ããå®å šã§ãããšå€ãã®äººã«èããããŠããŸãã ã¯ã¬ãžããã«ãŒãã«ãããªã¹ã¯ã¯æµªè²»çã§ãã ããããã«ãŒããã¯ã¬ãžããã«ãŒãã䜿çšããŠããªã³ã©ã€ã³ã§ã®è³Œå ¥ãåºé ã§ã®åºé ã§ã®è³Œå ¥ãè¡ãããšãã§ããŸãã
3. UPIã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³
UPIã¯Unified Payment Interfaceã®ç¥ã§ãã UPIã¯ç§ãã¡ã®ååŒæ¹æ³ãå€ããŸããã UPIã®æ©èœã®äžæ žãæãã®ã¯ãç§ãã¡ã®æºåž¯é»è©±çªå·ãããããã®éè¡ã«ç»é²ãããç§ãã¡ã®å£åº§ã«ãªã³ã¯ãããŠãããšããäºå®ã§ãã ä»®æ³æ¯æãã¢ãã¬ã¹ã¯ãéè¡é¢é£ã®æ å ±ãå ¥åããã«ãéãéåä¿¡ããã®ã«åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸãã å çåºã¯ãUPIæ¯æããåãåãããã«åœåº§é éå£åº§ãæã€å¿ èŠããããŸãã çŸåšæ®åããŠããUPIã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã¯ãBHIMãPhonePeãGoogle Pay / TezãICICI Pocketãããã³SBI Payã§ãã
4.æºåž¯è²¡åž
ã¢ãã€ã«ãŠã©ã¬ããã¯ãçŸéãªãã§æ¯æããè¡ã䟿å©ãªæ¹æ³ã«ãªããŸããã ã¢ãã€ã«ãŠã©ã¬ããã«ãéãå ¥ãããããããåãå ¥ãããããšãããªãã©ãã§ãããã䜿ãããšãã§ããŸãã æã人æ°ã®ããæºåž¯ãŠã©ã¬ããã¯Paytmã§ãã ã¢ãã€ã«ãŠã©ã¬ããã®çæã¯ããããããªãã®ã¢ã«ãŠã³ãã«ãªã³ã¯ãããŠããªãããšã§ãã ããªããããªãã®æºåž¯è²¡åžã«ãéãããŒãããããããªãã¯èšãããã¢ããªãéããŠæ¯æããåãå ¥ããå人ãšããã䜿ãããšãã§ããã ãã§ãã
5. NEFTãšRTGS
å šåœé»åééããã³ãªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã ã°ãã¹æ±ºæžã¯ãéè¡å£åº§éã§ã®äŸ¿å©ãªééãå¯èœã«ããé»å決æžã·ã¹ãã ã§ãã ã©ã¡ãã®æœèšãRBIïŒã€ã³ãæºåéè¡ïŒã«ãã£ãŠç®¡çãããŠããŸãã æœèšã¯ã€ã³ãåœå ã§ã®ã¿ééã«äœ¿çšããããšãã§ããŸãã RTGSã®ééçªå£ã¯ãå¹³æ¥ãšéè¡å¶æ¥æ¥ã®åå8æããååŸ4æåã§ãã NEFT決æžã¯éè¡ã®å¶æ¥æ¥ã®åå8æããååŸ7æã®éã«ç¹°ã延ã¹ãããã§è¡ãããŸãã ã©ã¡ãã®ã·ã¹ãã ã®å Žåã§ãããæ¯æãåæ¢ãæ瀺ã®ããã®æ©èœã¯ãªããè¡ãããæ¯æãã¯åæ¶äžèœã§ãã
6. IMPS
å³ææ¯æããµãŒãã¹ã®ç¥ã§ããIMPSã¯ãã€ã³ãã®National Payment Corporationã«ãã£ãŠéå§ããããµãŒãã¹ã§ãã IMPSãµãŒãã¹ãå©çšããããã®åææ¡ä»¶ã¯ããŠãŒã¶ãŒãã¢ãã€ã«ãã³ãã³ã°ã«ãç»é²ããå¿ èŠãããããšã§ãã äžæŠç»é²ãããã°ãã€ã³ã¿ãŒããããã³ãã³ã°ãéããŠãããŠãŒã¶ãŒã¯IMPSãµãŒãã¹ãå©çšãããããããŸããã ééã¯27 * 7ã§ããååŒã®ç· ãåãæéã¯ãããŸããã IMPSã¯ãåä¿¡è ã®MMIDïŒMobile Money IdentifierïŒãŸãã¯IFSCã³ãŒããšéè¡å£åº§çªå·ã䜿çšããŠå®è¡ã§ããŸãã NEFTããã³RTGSãè¶ ããIMPSã®å©ç¹ã¯ãå³åº§ã«åä¿¡ãããããšã§ãã
USSD
éæ§é åä»å ãµãŒãã¹ããŒã¿ã¯ãã¹ããŒããã©ã³ãã¿ãã¬ãããæºåž¯ããŠããªã人ã«ãšã£ãŠã¯ãã£ãã·ã¥ã¬ã¹ãªãã·ã§ã³ã§ãã ä»ã®ã»ãšãã©ã®ããžã¿ã«æ±ºæžãµãŒãã¹ãšã¯å¯Ÿç §çã«ãã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã«æ¥ç¶ããªããŠãæ©èœããŸãã ããã¯ããªãããµãŒãã¹ãå©çšããããã«* 99ïŒããã€ã€ã«ããªããã°ãªããªãã¢ãã€ã«ãã³ãã³ã°ã®åœ¢åŒã§ãã ãã®ãµãŒãã¹ã¯IMPSãµãŒãã¹ãåæ ããŠããããã©ã³ã¶ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãæåãããããã«ãMMIDãšæºåž¯é»è©±çªå·ããŸãã¯IFSCã³ãŒããšã¢ã«ãŠã³ãçªå·ã䜿çšããŸãã
8. ECS
ECSã¯Electronic Clearance Serviceã®ç¥ã§ãã äžæ¬æããç¹ã«æ¯æã®åå²æããåçã«ãããããããã³éèæ©é¢ã幎éã絊äžãé åœå©åãªã©ã®æ¯æããæ¯æãã®ã«äŸ¿å©ãªæ¹æ³ã§ãã ECSã¯ãåæ¹ãµãŒãã¹ãšã¯ã¬ãžãããµãŒãã¹ã®äž¡æ¹ã«äœ¿çšã§ããŸãã å®æçãªåŒãèœãšããŸãã¯åŒãèœãšããè¡ãã«ã¯ãæ¿èªãéè¡ã«æåºããå¿ èŠããããŸãã åæ¹ãŸã§ã®æ倧éé¡ãåœè©²ãã³ããŒãã®æå¹æéããŸãã¯ååŒã®ç®çã«é¢ããŠæ瀺ãäžããããšãã§ãããããå®å šãªæ¹æ³ã§ãã
9. QRã³ãŒã
QRã³ãŒãã¯æºåž¯è²¡åžæ¯æããµãŒãã¹ã®æ¡åŒµã§ãã ããªãã¯åã«ããªãã®ååŒãå®äºããããã«ããŒãã£ã³ããµãŒãã¹ã®ã³ãŒããã¹ãã£ã³ããã ãã§ãã ããã«ã¯ãã«ã¡ã©ãšã¹ãã£ã³æ©èœãåããã¹ããŒãããã€ã¹ãå¿ èŠã§ãã ããã¯ããžã¿ã«ã§ååŒããæéã®ããããªãè¿ éãªæ¹æ³ã§ãã
ããããã³ãã³ã°
ããããã³ãã³ã°ã¯ãããããã«ãŒããŸãã¯ã¯ã¬ãžããã«ãŒãã䜿çšãã代ããã«ãªããŸãã ãŠãŒã¶ãŒã¯æ¯æããæ¿èªããããã«ããããã³ãã³ã°ã¢ã«ãŠã³ãã«ãã°ã€ã³ããå¿ èŠããããŸãã ããããã³ãã³ã°ã§ã¯ãããããã«ãŒããçŽå€±ãããçŽå€±ããå Žåã§ããååŒã®æè»æ§ãåŸãããŸãã ã€ã³ã¿ãŒããããã³ãã³ã°ã䜿çšããŠãå ¬å ±æéã®æ¯æãããªã³ã©ã€ã³ã§ã®ååããµãŒãã¹ã®è³Œå ¥ããŸãã¯ãéã®éåä¿¡ãè¡ãããšãã§ããŸãã
11.ã®ããã«ãŒããŸãã¯ããŠãã£ãŒ
ã®ããåžã¯ãã£ãã·ã¥ã¬ã¹ã«ããã®ã«äŸ¿å©ãªæ¹æ³ã§ãã®ããåžã䜿ã£ãŠè³Œå ¥ããããã®ãåä¿¡è ã決ããããšãã§ããã®ã§ãçŽ æŽãããã®ããã¢ã€ãã¢ã§ãã åºã¯ãŸãè³Œå ¥è ã®ããã«åæ§ã«åãã®ããåžã®å²åŒãäžããã
ãã£ãã·ã¥ã¬ã¹ååŒã®å©ç¹ã¯äœã§ããïŒ
ãã£ãã·ã¥ã¬ã¹çµæžã«ã¯å€ãã®å©ç¹ããããŸãã ã€ã³ããå®å šã«ãã£ãã·ã¥ã¬ã¹ãªçµæžã«ãªãã«ã¯ããã«æ°å¹Žãããã§ãããããã€ã³ãã§ã®ãã£ãã·ã¥ã¬ã¹ååŒã¯2017幎第1ååæããæ¥å¢ããŠããŸãã
- ãã£ãã·ã¥ã¬ã¹çµæžã§ããããšã¯ãããžã¿ã«åã®åå ãããã«æšãé²ããæé«ã®ç¶æ ã§ãã¯ãããžãŒã掻çšããããšã«äžæ©è¿ã¥ããŠããŸãã
- çŸéã®æµéãæžããšãçé£ã匷çãæžå°ããã§ãããã
- é貚ã®å°å·ã³ã¹ãã¯æŠããŠäžããã§ãããã åœé貚ã®çºè¡ãæžå°ããŸãã
- ã«ãŒããæºåž¯è²¡åžã¯æã¡éã³ã«äŸ¿å©ã§ãçŸéãããå æã¹ããŒã¹ãå°ãªããŠæžã¿ãŸãã
- ãã¹ãŠããªã³ã©ã€ã³ã§è¿œè·¡ããããããæ¯åºã远跡ããã®ãç°¡åã«ãªããŸãã
- ãªã³ã©ã€ã³ã§ã®æ¯æãã«ã¯ãå²åŒãšãã£ãã·ã¥ããã¯ãæäŸãããŠããŸãã ããå€ãã®ãŠãŒã¶ãŒãé äºããããã«ãã¢ãã€ã«ãŠã©ã¬ãããUPIã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãããå ±é ¬ãã€ã³ããæäŸãããŠããŸãã
- ãµãŒãã¹çšã¯ã2000幎ãŸã§ã®ã«ãŒãååŒã§å é€ãããŠããŸãã
- ãªã³ã©ã€ã³ã§ååŒããããšã¯ããªãã®äºç®åéãæ¹åããŸãã ããªãã®è²¡åžã®äžã®ããå°ãªãçŸéãæã£ãŠããããšã¯ããªããããªãã®æ¯åºãªã¹ãã«ãã£ããå ¥ãããå°ãããŠãéåžžã®çµè²»ãæžããããšã匷å¶ããŸãã
- ãªã³ã©ã€ã³ååŒã¯æ£ç¢ºãªéé¡ã§ããªããå©ããããšãã§ããŸãã ããã¯ãããªããã³ã€ã³ãäžè¶³ããŠããã®ã§ãå°ããªå€åãè¿œå ã®ã«ããŒãæ¯æãããã®æŠãããªãããšãæå³ããŸãã
- ã«ãŒãã®çŽå€±ãçé£ã®å Žåã¯ã誀çšãé²ãããã«æ°å以å ã«ãããã¯ããããšãã§ããŸãã
ãããã質å
åèã®ããã«ãããå¯ãããã質åã以äžã«ç€ºããŸãã
1.ãªã³ã©ã€ã³ã§ä»ã®éè¡å£åº§ã«ééããæ¹æ³ã¯ïŒ
NEFTãRTGSããŸãã¯IMPSã䜿çšããŠãä»ã®éè¡å£åº§ã«ééããããšãã§ããŸãã NEFTãšRTGSã¯ã€ã³ãæºåéè¡ã«ãã£ãŠæäŸããããµãŒãã¹ã§ãã ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã¯ãŸããå£åº§æ¯æ¿ãéåžžã«å®¹æã«èæ ®ã«å ¥ããã
ããããã³ãã³ã°ã«ææ°æã¯ããããŸããïŒ
éè¡ã«ãã£ãŠã¯ãNEFTãã©ã³ã¶ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãšRTGSãã©ã³ã¶ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã«å¯ŸããŠç°ãªãã¹ã©ãããããŸãã äŸãã°ãå·éè¡ã¯ãæ倧âšâšãŸã§ã®ååŒã«å¯ŸããŠ18ïŒ ã®âš0.1 + GSTãè«æ±ããŸãã 10, 000 / - å€åœç±éè¡ãåãã¹ã©ãã«å¯ŸããŠâ§2.50 + GSTãè«æ±ããã RTGSã®è«æ±ã¯âšããå§ãŸããŸãã 5ãšè»¢éãããéã«å¿ããŠå¢å ããŸãã
3.ã¢ãã€ã«ãŠã©ã¬ããã®ä»çµã¿
æºåž¯è²¡åžã¯ããªãã®ã¯ã¬ãžããã«ãŒããããããã«ãŒãã«é¢ããããžã¿ã«æ å ±ãä¿æããŠããããIMPSãã€ã³ã¿ãŒããããã³ãã³ã°ãä»ããŠããªãã®éè¡å£åº§ããééãããããŒãã£ã«ãããŒãä¿æããŠããŸãã ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã¯ãããŒãã£ã³ã決æžç«¯æ«ãšå¯Ÿè©±ããããã«ãè¿è·é¢ç¡ç·éä¿¡ãŸãã¯ïŒ±ïŒ²ã³ãŒããªã©ã®æ å ±è»¢éæè¡ã䜿çšããã
4. EãŠã©ã¬ããã¯ååŒææ°æãè«æ±ããŸããïŒ
EãŠã©ã¬ããã«ã¯ååŒææ°æã¯ããããŸããã ããã€ãã®é»å財åžã¯ããªãã®éè¡ã«ééããããã«ããããªæéããããããããŸããã
5. EãŠã©ã¬ããããæªäœ¿çšã®ãéãåŒãåºãæ¹æ³ã¯ïŒ
ATMãå°å£²åºã§é»å財åžããæªäœ¿çšã®ãéãåŒãåºãããšãã§ããŸãã ããªãã¯ããªãã®ãã©ã³ã¹ãã¿ããããŠããåŒãåºããã¯ãªãã¯ããå¿ èŠããããŸãã ããã¯ããªããæ€éããããã®å Žæãéžæããããšãå¯èœã«ããŸãã åŒãåºãããéé¡ãéžæããŠæå®ããŸãã åŒãèœãšãã«äœ¿çšããPINãäžããããŸãã
6.ã¢ãã€ã«ãŠã©ã¬ããã§ãã£ãã·ã¥ããã¯ãšããã¢ãŒã·ã§ã³ã³ãŒããç²åŸã§ããŸããïŒ
å€ãã®ã¢ãã€ã«ãŠã©ã¬ããã¯ãã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãä»ããŠè¡ãããååŒã«å¯ŸããŠå ±é ¬ãšãã£ãã·ã¥ããã¯ãæäŸããããšã§é¡§å®¢ãé äºããŠããŸãã ããã¢ãŒã·ã§ã³ã³ãŒããå²åŒãããã³ãã£ãã·ã¥ããã¯ãæäŸãã人æ°ã®ãã財åžã«ã¯ãPhonepeãPaytmãTezãFreechargeãããã³MobiKwikããããŸãã
7. NEFTãRTGSãããã³IMPSã®éãã¯äœã§ããïŒ
RTGSã¯ãªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã ã®ééã§ããã倧éã®ãéã«äœ¿çšãããŸãããNEFTã¯ç¹°ã延ã¹ãããééã§ãããå°é¡ã®ãéã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã RTGSã«å¿ èŠãªæå°éã¯2 lakhsã§ãããäžéã¯ãããŸããã RTGSãšNEFTã«ã¯ãRBIã«ãã£ãŠæ±ºå®ãããã«ãããªãã¿ã€ãã³ã°ããããŸãã IMPSã¯ãç· ãåãæéããªããæ倧2 lakhãŸã§ã®å°èŠæš¡ããã³å€§èŠæš¡ãªéé¡ã«äœ¿çšã§ããã€ã³ã¹ã¿ã³ããµãŒãã¹ã§ãã
8. 1æ¥ã«ããã€ã®UPIãã©ã³ã¶ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãå®è¡ã§ããŸããïŒ
UPIã䜿çšãããšã1ã¢ã«ãŠã³ãã«ã€ãæ倧10ã®ãã©ã³ã¶ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã24æéã§äœæã§ããŸãã éè¡å£åº§ãåãã§ããã°ãã©ã®UPIã䜿çšããŠãããŸããŸããã
ããžã¿ã«ååŒã¯ãå人ãäŒæ¥ã«å€é¡ã®çŸéã䜿ãããšããèªç±ãäžããŸãã ããéææ§ãããã®ã§çµæžã¯ãªã³ã©ã€ã³ååŒããå©çãåŸãŸãã ããã¯å人ã®ç掻ã«å©äŸ¿æ§ããããããåæã«äŒæ¥ãæ¿åºèªèº«ã«çµæžçå©çããããããŸãã
ãŸãèªãïŒæ²æšãªç掻ãããªãã§ãéãç¯çŽããããã®ãã³ã
åŸãã¹ãã§ã¯ãªãæŠç¥ãä¿åãã
ããå€ãã®ãéã皌ãããã®å¹æçãªãã³ã