20æŗ¨įŽããšãåĻå¨ ä¸æãŽåĻå¨ ãã¤ãĢãšããŧãŗ
åĨŗæ§ãåĻå¨ ããĻãããã¨ãįĨãŖãã¨ããåŊŧåĨŗã¯ååŋããæšæŗãįĨããžããã ããĒãã¯åš¸ãã§ãįˇåŧĩãããããĻä¸åŽãĢãĒãã§ããã - ããšãĻåæãĢã ããĒãã¯ããĒããŽčĩ¤ãĄããã¨ä¸įˇãĢããĒããŽæ°ããäēēįãæŗåãå§ããžãã ããĒãã¯ããĒããããŽå°ããããŽãŽãããĢ財ãåŋ čĻãããį´ æ´ãããããŽãåŊŧãŽå¤čĻŗããããĻããã§ãĒãããŽãĢã¤ããĻčããã§ãããīŧ ããããåĨåēˇč¨ēæãå§ãžãã¨ãããĢããĒããŽčåĨŽãŦããĢã¯ä¸ãããčĩˇããåžããĒãšã¯ã¨åäŊĩįãŽå¯čŊæ§ãĢã¤ããĻåŋé ãå§ããžãã ããããŖãĻãããĒããŽåĻå¨ ãæŖããæšåãĢé˛ãã§ãããã¨ãįĸēčĒãããããĢã¯ãããĒãã¯ããšãĻãŽåĻå¨ ãŽãã¤ãĢãšããŧãŗãįĨãŖãĻããĒããã°ãĒããžããã ã ãããããĒããŽåŠįãŽãããĢãį§ããĄã¯åĻå¨ ä¸æãã¨ãŽåĻå¨ ãã¤ãĢãšããŧãŗããĒãšããĸããããžããã ãããããšãĻãčĒãŋãããĒããŽåĻå¨ ãæŖããæšåãĢåããĻããããŠããčĒŋãšãĒããã
åĻå¨ ãŽ20ãŽéčĻãĒãã¤ãĢãšããŧãŗ
ããã¯čļ éŗæŗĸãåŽčĄãããã¨ãĢããŖãĻãŽãŋå¯čŊã§ãããŽã§ããĒããæ¯æĨããĒããŽčĩ¤ãĄãããŽæéˇãŽãããããŽãããĻãããããšããããæãããã¨ãčŋŊ补ãããã¨ãã§ããžããããããĒãã¯ãžã ããĒããŽčĩ¤ãĄããããŠãŽãããĢįēéããĻãããįĨããã¨ãã§ããžãã ããĒããé ŧããĢãããã¨ãã§ããĻãããĒããŽåĻå¨ ãããžãčŋŊ补ãããã¨ãã§ããã¨ããåŧˇãå åãããã¤ããããžãã
åĻå¨ įŦŦä¸æ
åĻå¨ ãã¤ãĢãšããŧãŗãŽãŋã¤ã ãŠã¤ãŗãįĸēįĢããĻããéãæåãŽåĻæã¯ããĒãã¨čĩ¤ãĄãããĢã¨ãŖãĻæãéčĻãĒãã§ãŧãēãŽ1ã¤ã§ãã ããã¯å°ããĒããŽãå°ããĒåį˛žåĩããå§ãžããããŽįĩãããžã§ãĢå°ããĒčå ãŽãããĢčĻãããããĢãĒãå§ããã¨ããã§ãã
1.æåãŽãã¸ããŖããĩã¤ãŗ
ãģã¨ããŠãŽåĨŗæ§ãĢã¨ãŖãĻãåĻå¨ ãįē襨ããåĻå¨ æ¤æģã¯ãæ¯čĻĒã¸ãŽåŊŧããŽæ ãŽå§ãžããį¤ēãããŽã§ãã åĨåēˇč¨ēæãå§ããã¨ãããĢãã¯ããããĒãã¯æŦåŊãĢåĻå¨ ããĻããããããĢããĒããŽčĩ¤ãĄããã¯ããĒãã¨ä¸įˇãĢããã§ãããã įŠäēã¯é常ãĢįžåŽįãĢãĒããã¨ããĻããžãã å ãĢčĄããįĨãŖãĻãããĒããŽããŧãããŧãæąããããĻããããĻæ°ããå¤åãŽãããĢããĒãčĒčēĢãæēåããĻãã ããã
åãæ°ãŽããŽæåãŽæŗĸ
åĻå¨ ãšããŖãã¯ã¯æŖåŧãĢåĻå¨ ãŽå§ãžããæåŗããžãããããĒããã¤ãããŽæåãŽčŠĻåãįĩé¨ããã¨ããããĒãã¯ãããæããã§ãããã åĻå¨ ãŽããĨãŧãšãäēæŗã¨į¸ãžãŖãĻãæ¨ãĻãã¨ããįĩļãéãĒãæčĻã¯ãããŽæåãŽã¤ãããŽãã¨ãæããæãåēæˇąãããŽãĢãããã¨ãã§ããžãã ããããããã¯åĻå¨ ä¸ããŖã¨įļããŽã§ããããĢããããããã§ãããã ããã¯ããĒããŽãæ°ãĢå ĨããŽãĸãããčĻã¤ããĻãåãæ°ãæãããŽãĢæéŠãĒææã§ãã
æåãŽåģč ãŽäģģåŊ
ãšããŖãã¯ãŽååããĒãĩã¤ãŗãčĻãåžããžãã¯įš°ãčŋããŽã¤ãããŽį´åžãĢãããĒãã¯ããĒããŽåģč ãč¨ĒããĻãįŠäēãããšãĻããžãããŖãĻãããã¨ãįĸēåŽãĢãããããĢããĒããŽä¸įĒæåãŽåēįåãŽį´æãããžãã ããĒããŽåģč ããæŖåŧãĒåģåĻįįĸēčĒãåžããã¨ã¯ãããĢįŠäēãå°éããããĒããæŦåŊãĢåĻå¨ ããĻãããã¨ãããĒããĢå ŦåŧãĢããžãã ããĒããŽåģč ã¯ããĒããĢããã¤ããŽæ¤æģãåããĻããã¤ããŽæ¤æģãæ¸ãžãããããĢé ŧãã§ãããã åŊŧã¯ãžãããĒããäŊãéŖãšããšããã¨ããĒããã¨ãåŋ čĻãããäēé˛įãĢã¤ããĻããĒããĢįĨãããã§ãããã
ãĸããĻãŗãšããã
åĻå¨ ãæŖåŧãĢããããŠãããé¸æãããã¨ã¯ãæ¯čĻĒã ãã§ãĒãåŽļæãĢãåˇĻåŗãããé¸æã§ãã įšåŽãŽåŽļæã¯ãčĻåŽãããéąæ°ãįĩéãããžã§čĻĒæãĢãããéį¤ēããĒãã¨čããĻããžãã ä¸æšãå¤ããŽåĨŗæ§ã¯ãåģå¸ĢãåĻå¨ ãįĸēčĒããįŦéãĢãããå ŦãĢįē襨ãããã¨ãé¸æãããããããžããã ããããŽãšããããŽããšãĻã¯ããĒããŽåĻå¨ ãåŽå ¨ãĢå§ãããã¨ãĢįĩããã§ãããã
5. 12éąéãŽįĩãããĢčŋãĨã
ãããĻãĄãããŠããŽãããĢãããĒãã¯æåãŽåĻæãããéĸ¨ãŽãããĢéãããã¨ãĢæ°ãĨãã§ãããã å¤ããŽåĨŗæ§ã¯ãããããŠããģãŠæŠãééããããĢéŠããåĻå¨ å ¨äŊãåæ§ãŽæšæŗã§é˛čĄãããã¨ãæåž ããĻããžãã ããããããã¯æŖãããããžããã æåãŽåĻæã¯ãįēčĻãįē襨ããããŗåãæ°ãã¤ãããį˛å´ããããŗããŽäģãŽããã¤ããŽäģãŽåĻå¨ ä¸æãŽįįļãĢæ Ŗãããã¨ã§ãã åĻå¨ 12éąãžã§ãĢãčĩ¤ãĄããã¯æĸ ãŽå¤§ãããĢãĒããžãã ããã¯ããĒããŽæåãŽåĻæãŽæåžãŽéąã§ãããããĒããŽããĢãĸãŗã¯ããĒããŽãããĢããå°ãį°ĄåãĢįŦŦäēåĻæãäŊãããĒããŽããĢãĸãŗãå°ãčŊãĄįãã§ãããã
äēåĻæ
2åĻæã¯åĨŗæ§ãŽåĻå¨ ãŽä¸æ ¸ãåŊĸæããžãã ããã¯åŊŧåĨŗããããŽæēãĢčŊãĄįããĻãäŊãŽå¤åãåãå ĨããĻãæ°ããéŖäēįæŗãĢåēåˇããĻããģã¨ããŠãããĢããŖãĻįãããŠã¤ããšãŋã¤ãĢã¨ããĻãããæĄį¨ããã¨ããã§ãã
1.åããĻãŽčĩ¤ãĄãããŽčŗŧå Ĩ
ä¸čŦįãĢãããĒããåĻå¨ ãĢã¤ããĻ芹ããĻãããã°ãå¤ããŽčĻĒæãäģãŽčŖįĻãĒäēēãããĒããĢæ§ã ãĒãããŧæãč´ãå§ããã ãžããããŽæŽĩéã§čŊãĄįããĻå°ãåŋĢéŠãĢæãããããĢãĒãã¨ãčĒåã§čĒåãŽčĩ¤ãĄãããŽãããĢæãčąãã§č˛ˇããã¨ãĢãããããããžããã å ãĢčĄããããĒããŽčĩ¤ãĄãããŽãããĢæŦ˛ããããŽã¯äŊã§ã財ãã
ããĒããŽčĩ¤ãĄãããŽæåãŽéŠåãĒåŖéčĻããã¨ã¨éŗ
ããĒããŽčĩ¤ãĄããã¯æåãŽåĻæčĒäŊã§į¨ŽéĄãŽéŠåãĒæ§é ãååžããåžåããããžãããããĒããŽčĩ¤ãĄããããŠãŽãããĢčĻããããŽããč¯ããĸã¤ããĸãåžãã¨ããããã¯įŦŦäēåĻæãĢãããžãã ããĒãã¯åŊŧãŽé ã¨äŊãŽäģãŽé¨åãčĒčãããã¨ãã§ããã§ãããã čļ éŗæŗĸãŽéãããĒããŽåäžãčĻããã¨ãã§ãããããĢããžãããŽåŋčãŽéŧåãčããã¨ãã§ãããããĢãããĒããŽåģč ã¯ä¸čŦįãĢããĒããĢãšã¯ãĒãŧãŗãčĻããã§ãããã ããã¤ãšããįēããããããŽéŋããŽããããããããéŗã¯ãããĒããŽå°ããĒããŽã¨ãŽããĒããŽæåãŽãŗããĨããąãŧãˇã§ãŗãĢãĒããžãã
3.įæŋã
ãããããŽåĨŗæ§ã¯ãįŖį§æãæĄį¨ãããã¨ãĢ寞ããĻį°ãĒããĸãããŧããã¨ãåžåããããžãã åĻå¨ ããĻãããã¨ãįĨãŖãįŦéãĢįããŽã大åĨŊããĒäēēãããã°ãįĩļ寞ãĢåŋ čĻã§ãĒãéãã§ããã ãé ããããã¨ãæãã§ããäēēãããžãã ããããé ããæŠãããããĒãã¯ããŋãããŖæãŽåŋĢéŠãã¨æŠæĩãåŽæãå§ããããĒããŽäŊãĢããåãããŽãé¸ãŗãžãã ããĒããããĒããŽåäžãåēįŖããããããĒãã¯åãŗããããįį¨ããããĒãã ãããŽã§ãããããããããĢå¤ããæčŗããĒãã§ãã ããã
4.åããĻčĒ°ããããĒããŽåĻå¨ ãåēæŋãã
åĻå¨ ä¸æãŽæ°éąéãįĩãĻãããĒããŽčĩ¤ãĄãããŽäŊã¯é常ãĢæĨéãĢįēéãå§ããã§ããããããã§ããĒããŽããĒããåäžãå厚ãããŽãåŠãããããĢã ãããåãĢæįŊã§ãĒããŖããĒãã°ãäēēã ã¯ããŽé ãĢããĒããŽããĒããĢæ°ãĨãå§ããããããããããĒããäŊéããããĻãããŽããããã¨ãč¯ãįĨãããĒãŽãã¨įåãĢæããããããžããã
5.čĩ¤ãĄãããŽæåãŽåã
čļ éŗæŗĸãĸããŋãŧã§čĩ¤ãĄãããčĻãããåŋæãčããããããŽã¯1ã¤ãŽãã¨ã§ãã ããããããĒããããĒããŽä¸ã§äŊãããŽåããæãããŽã¯åããĻãŽãã¨ãä¸æč°ãĒæ°æãĄãĢãĒãã§ãããã ããĒãã¯æåããããåŽéãĢčĩ¤ãĄãããĒãŽããããã¨ãåãĢããĒããŽãŦãšãĒãŽããĢã¤ããĻæˇˇäšąããĻãããããããžããã ãããããããĢãããĒããŽčĩ¤ãĄããã¯åŊŧãŽæåãŽããã¯ã§ããĒããŽãããŽæˇˇäšąãč§Ŗæļããã§ãããã
6.æŦ˛æąã¨åĢæĒ
ããã¯ãåĨŗæ§ãå°ãéãŖãæ°æãĄãĢãĒãå§ããæã§ãã ããĒããŽåĨŊãŋãåĨŊãŋã¯å¤§ããå¤åããããĒããä¸įĒåĨŊãã ãŖãéŖãšįŠãæŧããŽããããĒããããŖããĢåŗããŖããã¨ãŽãĒãããŽãåãå ĨãããããĢå°ããžãã ãããããšãĻãŽå¤åã¯ãããĒããĢã¨ãŖãĻããåŽļæãĢã¨ãŖãĻãéŠããšããã¨ã§ãã
ããĒããŽå¤§ããĒč¸ãĢæ°ãĨã
ã¯ããããĒãã¨å ąãĢãããĒããŽč¸ã大ãããĒãŖãĻããžããå¤ããŽæ¯čĻĒãĢã¨ãŖãĻã¯ã¨ãĻããããããã¨ã§ãã ããã¯ããĒããŽåĻå¨ ãŽčŧããéįĢãŖãĻããææã§ããããããĒãã¯ãããĢįžããčĻããžãã
įŦŦ1ååĻå¨ ã¯ãŠãšãģããˇã§ãŗ
åĻå¨ ä¸ãŽæå°ãåēįŖãŽæēåããããŽãĢåŊšįĢã¤åĻå¨ æŧįŋãã¯ãŠãšãå§ãããŽãĢéŠããææã§ãã ä¸čŦįãĢãããŽãããĒææĨã¯ãããĒããããĒããŽ2åĻæãŽįĩãããĢčŋãĨããĻãčĩ¤ãĄãããŽå°įãŽæēåãå§ããã¨ããĢå§ããããžãã
9.åããĻčĒ°ããããĒããŽčĩ¤ãĄãããæãã
2åĻæãŽįĩãããžã§ãĢãããĒãã¯ããĒããŽå°ããĒäēēãä¸ãĢčģĸããŖãĻãããĒããåŊŧãŽåããæãããããããĢãĒããã¨ãĢæ ŖããĻããã§ãããã ããããäģãŽäēēããããĢæ°ãĨããã¨ãã§ãããããĢãĒãæãæĨãã§ãããã čĒ°ããããĒããŽããĒããĢåŊŧãŽæãįŊŽããĒãã°ãåŊŧã¯ããããŽããããã¨čš´ããæãããã¨ãã§ããã§ãããã ããĒããŽčĩ¤ãĄãããŽåå¨ãŽããŽå¤é¨æ¤č¨ŧã¯é常ãĢį´ æ´ããããã¨ãã§ããžãã
åĻå¨ įŦŦä¸æ
ããĒããååãŽåĻå¨ ãŽãã¤ãĢãšããŧãŗãæĸãã¨ãããããã¯ä¸äēēãŽčĩ¤ãĄãããæĸãã¨ããįŦŦä¸æã¯ãããčĒčēĢãŽåãåãæãŖãĻããĻãããããŽãģã¨ããŠã¯é éã¨čĩ¤ãĄãããŽãããŽããĒããŽæēåãä¸åŋãĢåąéããžãã
1.ãããŧãˇãŖã¯ãŧãæĨŊãã
åĻå¨ åžæãæčŋããå ŦåŧãŽæšæŗãŽä¸ã¤ã¯ããããŧãˇãŖã¯ãŧã§åĻå¨ ãįĨããã¨ã§ãã ããĒããŽåäēēãčĻĒæã¯ãããŽé ãĢããĒããŽãããĢãããŧãˇãŖã¯ãŧãæĩ´ãŗããããããžããã ãŋããĒã¨åãŗäģãåããåĨŗįãŽãããĢæãããŽãĢč¯ãææã§ãã
é¨åąãŽæēå
åäžį¨ãŽåĨ厤ãžãã¯čĒåãŽå¯åŽ¤ãĢå°ããĒãããŧããããæãŖãĻããããĢéĸãããããããäģä¸ããĻäģä¸ããã¨ãį˛žįĨįãĢãåäžãŽå°įãåãå Ĩããæēåãã§ããžãã
ãŠãŗãã ãĒæéã§ãŽä¸åŽåŽãĒæŦ˛æą
ããĒããŽæŦ˛æąã¯ããŽææãĢã¯ããĒãåĨåĻãĢãĒããããããžããã ããĒããŽåĻå¨ ãåŠį¨ããĻãį´ æŠãæˇąå¤ãŽåžĄéĻŗčĩ°ãĢčĄãããããĒããããĒããŽãæ°ãĢå ĨããŽå ´æãĢéŖããĻčĄãŖãĻãããããŧããĢå¤ããããããĒããŽããŧãããŧãĢį´åžãããĻãã ããã ãããĢãæ°ãããĄãŗããŧãããã§ããããããĻããĒããŽæéã¯åŊŧãŽéĸåãčĻãĻéããã§ãããã
4.åĨåēˇč¨ēæãŽåĸå
ããĒããčĒåã§åĨåēˇč¨ēæãåããé ģåēĻã¯ãéąãĢ1åãããããĢä¸ããã§ãããã čĩ¤ãĄãããŽé˛čĄįļæŗã¯įļŋå¯ãĢãĸããŋãŧãããããĒããŽææĨã¯ãããĢåŋããĻčĒŋæ´ãããžãã ããŽé ã¯ããŖã¨į¨åŋããĻãã ããã
5.ææĨ
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